Demographic Profile
The population characteristics of Haryana show that of the total population of 21.14 million, approximately 70 % are in the rural area. The decadal population growth has been of 28% from 1991 to 2001. Total worker category constitutes 40% of the total population of the state, of which 75 % are main workers and 25% marginal.
The total population of the area under SDA is 1.8 million, amounting to approximately 8.8 % of Haryana State population. Of these 69% reside in rural areas (Table 2.2).
Table 2.2: Population Distribution in Shivalik Region
District |
Rural |
Urban |
Total |
Ambala |
6,57,383 (65%) |
3,53,975 (35%) |
1,01,1358
|
Panchkula |
2,60,016 (55%) |
2,08,397 (45%) |
4,68,413
|
Yamunanagar (Under SDA) |
3,75,326 (98.5%) |
9,621 (2.5%) |
3,84,947
|
Total Population under SDA |
12,92,725 (69%) |
5,71,993 (31%) |
18,64,718 |
Haryana State |
1,50,29,260 (71%) |
61,15,304 (29%) |
2,11,44,564 |
(Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001)
The sex ratio has experienced a steep decline in the last decade. A comparative review of the sex ratio scenario in India, Haryana and the three districts under SDA indicated that the sex ratio has declined drastically in Ambala district from 888 in 1991 to 784 in 2001 (Table 2.3).
Table 2.3: Declining Sex Ratio
Area |
1991 |
2001 |
India |
945 |
927 |
Haryana |
879 |
928 |
Ambala |
888 |
784 |
Panchkula |
890 |
837 |
Yamunanagar |
888 |
807 |
(Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001)
2.2.1 Population Distribution of Ambala
District Ambala has 4.8% of the total state population which is around 1.014 million with compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.3% per annum. Nearly 65% of the total district population resides in rural area. Among the rural population, 32% form the worker population, 85% of them being males. The worker population is distributed across the four blocks of Sahzadpur, Naraingarh, Ambala and Barara.
Of the rural worker population main-workers constitute 80% of the total rural worker population, of which approximately 43% are agriculture labourers and cultivators; the following reflects the rural main worker population distribution
(Fig 2.3 Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001)2.2.2. Population Distribution of Panchkula
District Panchkula has a population of about 4.6 lakh, which is about 2.2% of the state population. Nearly 55% of the population stays in the rural area, of which 42% forms the worker population. Interestingly, the decennial population growth of the district has been 50% (with CAGR 4.2%), mainly due to migration into the newly formed capital city of Panchkula.
The following chart (Fig 2.4) shows the rural worker distribution of Panchkula. Only 31% of the total main worker category is involved in agriculture, and the majority of 66 % of the population is involved in other works.
(Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001)2.2.3. Population Distribution of Yamuna Nagar
Yamunanagar district has three blocks of Bilaspur, Chachrauli, and Sadaura and 40 villages of Jagadhari/ Mustafabad blocks under the coverage area of SDA. The total population of this area is 4.07 lakh (rural 3.75 lakh), which is about 34% of the population of the district. The following graph gives the main worker category distribution, the proportion of agriculture labourers and cultivators as percent to main worker 59%, maximum compared to the other two district and quite near to the state average (Fig 2.5).
Farming and agricultural labour constitute the main source of livelihood for a majority of rural population (ranging from 31% to 53% in different districts) in the region (Table 2.4). The proportion of women as gainfully engaged in these occupations is quite low.
Table 2.4: Employment Characteristics
S No |
Characteristics |
Ambala |
Panchkula |
Yamuna nagar (Under SDA) |
Shivalik Region |
||||
|
|
M |
F |
M |
F |
M |
F |
M |
F |
1. |
Total Population |
542977 |
471434 |
256939 |
211472 |
189767 |
166008 |
989683 |
848914 |
2. |
Rural Population |
349932 |
307451 |
144642 |
115374 |
172727 |
150541 |
667301 |
573366 |
3. |
Main Workers |
245559 |
30089 |
127013 |
23340 |
81696 |
12229 |
454268 |
65658 |
|
As percentage of Rural Population |
70.2% |
9.8% |
87.8% |
20.2% |
47.2% |
8.1% |
68.1% |
11.5% |
3.1 |
Cultivators |
48746 |
1527 |
17967 |
3208 |
28416 |
805 |
95129 |
5540 |
3.2 |
Agri labourers |
22545 |
1747 |
4839 |
597 |
16514 |
760 |
43898 |
3104 |
3.3 |
Household industry |
7260 |
1548 |
3059 |
1000 |
2171 |
981 |
12490 |
3529 |
3.4 |
Others |
167008 |
25267 |
101148 |
18535 |
34595 |
9683 |
302751 |
53485 |
4. |
Marginal Workers |
31073 |
17800 |
13110 |
15181 |
13399 |
10634 |
57582 |
43615 |
|
As percentage of Rural Population |
8.9% |
5.6% |
9.1% |
13.2% |
7.8% |
7.1% |
8.6% |
7.6% |
4.1 |
Cultivators |
1102 |
1641 |
2698 |
6286 |
784 |
498 |
4584 |
8425 |
4.2 |
Agri labourers |
11277 |
6701 |
2239 |
3204 |
6156 |
2301 |
17672 |
12206 |
4.3 |
Household industry |
780 |
1176 |
446 |
1126 |
391 |
828 |
1617 |
3130 |
4.4 |
Others |
17914 |
8282 |
7727 |
4565 |
6068 |
7007 |
31709 |
19854 |
(Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001)
Economic Profile
The population characteristics shows that the percentage of population residing in the rural areas ranges from 55% to 89% of the total population, with 89% of the three blocks and part Jagadhari of Yamunanagar, 65% of Ambala district and 55% of the Panchkula residing in the rural areas. Of the total rural population more than 80% are involved in agriculture, animal husbandry, and allied activities.
The states gross domestic product at factor cost shows a healthy growth of 11% from the 1993-94 to 2000-01, while the percentage share of agriculture and animal husbandry in the GSDP has fallen from 40% in the year 1993-94 to 30% in the year 2000-01, although agriculture and allied activities engage majority of the population.
The per capita gross domestic product from agriculture (excluding dairy) for the year 2000-01 is approximately Rs. 8882 for Ambala, Rs 2613 for Panchkula and Rs 5991 for Yamunanagar which is lower than the state average of Rs 9508.
Prevalence of poverty, as measured in terms of proportion of households falling below poverty line, is the highest in Morni block of District Panchkula along with Bilaspur and Chachrauli blocks of District Yamunanagar (Table 2.7).
Table 2.7: Households Below Poverty Line
District Ambala |
||||
Block |
No of BPL HH in the block |
No of rural HH in the block |
BPL as % of total HH |
|
Ambala |
7,733 |
43,898 |
18 |
|
Barara (inclu Saha) |
9,150 |
37,973 |
24 |
|
Naraingarh |
4,434 |
16,607 |
27 |
|
Sahjadpur |
2,920 |
15,647 |
19 |
|
District Panchkula |
||||
Pinjore |
3,511 |
24,890 |
14 |
|
Morni |
1,854 |
3,257 |
57 |
|
Barwala |
3,129 |
10,812 |
29 |
|
Raipur Rani |
1,952 |
7,220 |
27 |
|
District Yamuna Nagar |
||||
Bilaspur |
6,950 |
17,001 |
41 |
|
Chachrauli |
10,135 |
29,018 |
35 |
|
Sadaura |
2,445 |
7,896 |
31 |
|
Jagadhri (Part) |
1,702 |
8,780 |
19 |